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2.
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1422254

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To assess and evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding the consumption of carbonated drinks among dental students. Carbonated drinks are pervaded by carbon dioxide and have more adverse effects since they are acidic in nature. Nowadays, these are consumed more widely globally, causing many systemic diseases; diabetes and obesity are common. Material and Methods: This study includes 204 individuals belonging to the age group of 18-26 years. A self-structured objective type cross-sectional questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of dental students regarding carbonated drinks. The participants were instructed to mark the most appropriate correct answer from the given list of close-ended type questions. Results: Of 204 dental students, the study population includes 125 female and 79 male students. 98.5% of the students knew about carbonated drinks, while 1.5% were unaware. Conclusion: Most participants preferred to have carbonated drinks even with their awareness about the ill effects of these drinks. Possible implications by the government authorities may probably increase awareness among the population (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Students, Dental , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Drinking Behavior , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Surveys and Questionnaires , Data Interpretation, Statistical
3.
Odovtos (En línea) ; 23(2)ago. 2021.
Article in English | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1386539

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effect of carbonated beverage on the surface microhardness of two acrylic materials used to fabricate temporary restorations. The study was experimental in vitro. Forty blocks of acrylic resins used in provisional restorations were made, 20 from Alike® (GC AMERICA INC., Lot 1712161) and 20 from Acryptemp® (Zhermack S.P.A., Lot 302334). After that, the blocks were immersed in distilled water for 24 hours. After this time, the initial surface microhardness was measured. Then the 20 samples of the experimental group were immersed in a carbonated drink (coca cola - soda) for 12 minutes per day, for 5 days. Finally, the final surface microhardness was measured using the Vickers microdurometer. Measures of central tendency and dispersion were used, and the Student's t test and ANOVA were performed. A mean surface microhardness of 8.8 and 7.2HV was found for the PMMA resin group (Initial and final respectively), and 9.5 and 8HV for the bisacrylate group. Statistically significant differences were found when comparing the beginning and end of each group and when comparing the two materials. The acrylic resin of polymethylmethacrylate (Alike® GC AMERICA INC.) Presented higher surface microhardness compared to the bis acrylic resin (Acrytemp® Zhermack S.P.A), after being exposed to a carbonated drink.


RESUMEN: El propósito de este estudio fue evaluar y comparar el efecto de la bebida carbonatada en la microdureza superficial de dos materiales acrílicos utilizados para confeccionar restauraciones provisionales. El estudio fue experimental in vitro. Se confeccionaron 40 bloques de resinas acrílicas utilizadas en provisorios, 20 de Alike® (GC AMERICA INC., Lote 1712161) y 20 de Acryptemp® (Zhermack S.P.A., Lote 302334). Posterior a ello, se sumergió los bloques en agua destilada por 24 horas. Pasado este tiempo se procedió a medir la microdureza superficial inicial. Luego las 20 muestras del grupo experimental se sumergieron en una bebida carbonatada (coca cola-gaseosa) durante 12 minutos por día, durante 5 días. Por último se midió la microdureza superficial final mediante el microdurómetro de Vickers. Se utilizaron medidas de tendencia central, dispersión y se realizaron la prueba t de Student y ANOVA. Se encontró una microdureza superficial media de 8,8 y 7,2HV para el grupo de resina PMMA (Inicial y final respectivamente), y 9,5 y 8HV para el grupo de bisacrilato. Se halló diferencias estadísticamente significativas al comparar el inicio y final de cada grupo y al comparar los dos materiales. La resina acrílica de polimetilmetacrilato (Alike® GC AMERICA INC.) presentó mayor microdureza superficial en comparación con la resina bis acrílica (Acrytemp® Zhermack S.P.A), después de ser expuestas a una bebida carbonatada.


Subject(s)
Acrylic Resins/analysis , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Peru , Hardness
4.
Rev. odontopediatr. latinoam ; 11(1): e-220178, 2021. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1379316

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Determinar en una muestra de adolescentes españoles sus conocimientos sobre la erosión dental y los alimentos, bebidas y hábitos alimenticios que la producen. Material y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio transversal. La muestra estuvo constituida por 348 adolescentes entre 12 y 17 años. Se valoró su conocimiento sobre la erosión dental y sus factores etiológicos mediante un cuestionario. Resultados: El 17,82% refirió conocer la erosión dental, el 26,44% solo había oído hablar de ella y el 62,35% pensaba erróneamente que los términos erosión y caries eran equivalentes. Al relacionar el conocimiento sobre los alimentos que producen erosión dental y la edad de los participantes se observó que el grupo de 16-17 años conocía en un porcentaje significativamente mayor la capacidad erosiva de la naranja (p<0,05), el limón (p<0,05), la fresa (p<0,01) y el kiwi (p<0,01). Esto se observó también con las bebidas gaseosas (p<0,01) y las isotónicas (p<0,01). Conclusiones: El nivel de conocimientos sobre la erosión dental es en general bajo, aumentando con la edad. La capacidad erosiva de los cítricos y de las bebidas gaseosas es más conocida entre los adolescentes que la de otros alimentos o bebidas.


Objetivos: Determinar em uma amostra de adolescentes espanhóis seu conhecimento sobre a erosão dentaria e os alimentos, as bebidas e os hábitos alimentares que a produzem. Material e métodos: Foi realizado um estudo transversal. A amostra foi composta por 348 adolescentes entre 12 e 17 anos. O conhecimento sobre erosão dentaria e seus fatores etiológicos foi avaliada por meio de um questionário. Resultados: 17,82% relataram conhecer erosão dentaria; 26,44% tinham ouvido falar dela e 62,35% pensavam erroneamente que os termos erosão e càrie eram equivalentes. Ao relacionar o conhecimento sobre os alimentos que produzem erosão dentaria y a idade dos participantes observou-se que o grupo de 16-17 anos conhecia em uma porcentagem significativamente maior a capacidade erosiva da laranja (p<0,05), do limão (p<0,05), do morango (p<0,01) e do kiwi (p<0,01). Isto também foi observado com refrigerantes (p<0,01) e bebidas isotônicas (p<0,01). Concluções: O conhecimento sobre erosão dentaria foi geralmente baixo, aumentando com a idade. Os adolescentes conhecem melhor a capacidade erosiva de frutas cítricas e refrigerantes do que outros alimentos ou bebidas.


Objectives: To determine in a sample of Spanish adolescents their knowledge of dental erosion and the food, drinks and eating habits that produce it. Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out. The sample consisted of 348 adolescents between 12 and 17 years old. Their knowledge of dental erosion and its etiological factors was assessed through a questionnaire. Results: 17.82% reported knowing dental erosion, 26.44% had only heard of it and 62.35% mistakenly thought that the terms erosion and caries were equivalent. When relating knowledge about the foods that cause dental erosion and the age of the participants, it was observed that the group of 16-17 years knew in a significantly higher percentage the erosive capacity of the orange (p <0.05), the lemon ( p <0.05), strawberry (p <0.01) and kiwi (p <0.01). This was also observed with soft drinks (p <0.01) and isotonic drinks (p <0.01). Conclusions: The level of knowledge about dental erosion was generally low, increasing with age. The erosive capacity of citrus fruits and soft drinks is better known among adolescents than that of other foods or drinks.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Tooth Erosion/etiology , Beverages/adverse effects , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Feeding Behavior , Fruit/adverse effects , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Dental Caries , Energy Drinks/adverse effects , Food/adverse effects
5.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 54(1): e10162, 2021. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1153504

ABSTRACT

It is still unknown whether excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages may be linked to gestational hypertensive disorders, other than preeclampsia. This study investigated the association between soft drink consumption and hypertension during pregnancy, analyzing the relationship from the perspective of counterfactual causal theory. Data from pregnant women of the BRISA cohort were analyzed (1,380 in São Luis and 1,370 in Ribeirão Preto, Brazil). The explanatory variable was the frequency of soft drink consumption during pregnancy obtained in a prenatal interview. The outcome was gestational hypertension based on medical diagnosis, at the time of delivery. A theoretical model of the association between soft drink consumption and gestational hypertension was constructed using a directed acyclic graph. Marginal structural models (MSM) weighted by the inverse of the probability of soft drink consumption were also employed. Using Poisson regression analysis, high soft drink consumption (≥7 times/week) was associated with gestational hypertension in São Luís (RR=1.48; 95%CI: 1.03-2.10), in Ribeirão Preto (RR=1.51; 95%CI: 1.13-2.01), and in the two cohorts combined (RR=1.45; 95%CI: 1.16-1.82) compared to lower exposure (<7 times/week). In the MSM, the association between high soft drink consumption and gestational hypertension was observed in Ribeirão Preto (RR=1.63; 95%CI: 1.21-2.19) and in the two cohorts combined (RR=1.51; 95%CI: 1.15-1.97), but not in São Luís (RR=1.26; 95%CI: 0.79-2.00). High soft drink consumption seems to be a risk factor for gestational hypertension, suggesting that it should be discouraged during pregnancy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced/etiology , Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Cohort Studies
6.
Rev. Col. méd. cir ; 159(1): 23-25, abr 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LIGCSA, LILACS | ID: biblio-1247543

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: determinar la presencia de proteinuria en habitantes de una aldea de la región costera de Santa Rosa, Guatemala, julio del año 2019. Material y métodos: estudio descriptivo y transversal, en una muestra de 575 habitantes de la aldea Casas Viejas, captada por durante cuatro jornadas médicas. Las muestras de orina fueron analizadas con tiras reactivas. Resultados: de los habitantes que participaron, 55.48 % (319) fueron de sexo femenino, la mediana de edad fue de 24 años, el 39.820% (229) estudiante y el 85.2 % (490) sin antecedentes patológicos. De los factores predisponentes de enfermedad renal, el 56.170% (323) consume antiinflamatorios no esteroideo -AINES-, el 82.26 % (473) bebidas carbonatadas, el 13.570% (78) bebidas alcohólicas; la mediana de consumo de agua fue de 6 vasos diarios y 13.22 % (76) han estado expuestos a agroquímicos. Proteinuria se documentó en 8.87 % (51) de los habitantes. Conclusiones: más de la mitad de los sujeto de estudio son de sexo femenino y sin antecedentes patológicos; de los factores predisponentes a enfermedad renal los más frecuentes son el consumo de -AINES-, bebidas carbonatadas y la hidratación inadecuada. Nueve de cada cien sujetos de estudio presentan proteinuria.


Objetive: to establish urine protein presence in inhabitants of a small village of the coastal region in Santa Rosa, Guatemala. July 2019. Material y methods: Descriptive and transversal study performed on 575 persons from Casas Viejas village, using a nonprobabilistic sampling. Proteinuria was determined by urine test strips. Results: Of the persons studied, 55.48% (319) were female, mean age was 24 years old, 39.82% (229) were students and 85.25% had no pathological background. Predisposing factors of kidney disease were noted, 56.17% (323) consumed Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs), 82.26% (473) consumed carbonated drinks, 13.57% (78) alcoholic beverages, the mean water consumption was 6 glasses per day, and 13.22% (76), were exposed to agrochemical pesticides. Proteinuria was found in 8.87% (51) of the sample. Conclutions: more than half of population were female and didn´t showed pathological signs. Predisposing factors to kidney disease were, frequent NSAIDs use, carbonated drinks consumption a no adequate hydration. Nine of each one hundred people studied presented urine protein.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Proteinuria/epidemiology , Pesticides/adverse effects , Proteinuria/diagnosis , Proteinuria/urine , Alcohol Drinking/adverse effects , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Drinking , Guatemala/epidemiology , Kidney Diseases/diagnosis , Kidney Diseases/urine , Kidney Diseases/epidemiology
7.
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1101305

ABSTRACT

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the erosive potential of different alcoholic beverages according to pH, titratable acidity and buffering capacity. Material and Methods: Thirteen industrialized alcoholic beverages of different brands were selected and divided into five groups according to their type and composition. The pH measurement and titratable acidity for pH 5.5 and 7.0 were performed in triplicate in 50 mL of each beverage. The buffering capacity was calculated based on pH and titratable acidity for pH 7.0. ANOVA, Tukey, and Pearson correlation, with p<0.05, were used for data analysis. Results: Data showed normal distribution by Shapiro-Wilk test. The pH of alcoholic beverages ranged from 2.49 (Miks Ice Tea - Green Fruits) to 7.64 (Smirnoff). The highest values of acid titration (4.68) and buffer capacity (19.97) were observed in Smirnoff Ice. The following correlations (p<0.01) were noted between: pH and titratable acidity; buffering capacity and pH; buffering capacity and titratable acidity. Conclusion: Some beers and alcopops presented erosive potential due to their lower pH associated with high acid titration values. The whisky and sugarcane liquor examined were not potentially erosive.


Subject(s)
Tooth Erosion/etiology , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Alcoholic Beverages/adverse effects , Acidity/adverse effects , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Beer , Brazil/epidemiology , Normal Distribution , Analysis of Variance , Statistics, Nonparametric , Saccharum
8.
Acta méd. costarric ; 61(3): 111-118, jul.-sep. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1019302

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo : El objetivo del estudio fue analizar el consumo de azúcares añadidos por la población urbana costarricense y los factores asociados a este. Método: Estudio transversal donde se analizan los datos de 798 participantes del Estudio ELANS-Costa Rica, que constituyen una muestra representativa de la población urbana costarricense, (con edades entre 15 y 65 años). Para conocer el consumo de azúcares añadidos, se realizan dos recordatorios de 24 horas, en días no consecutivos. Se recolectan variables sociodemográficas, cantidad, lugar y momento del consumo. Resultados: El consumo de azúcares añadidos representa el 14,7% de la energía consumida por la población urbana costarricense, siendo este porcentaje mayor en las mujeres y en las personas más jóvenes. La mayor cantidad de azúcares añadidos se consume en el hogar y durante las meriendas. Las bebidas azucaradas constituyen la principal fuente de azúcares añadidos en la dieta costarricense, y las bebidas gaseosas son la fuente más importante en el quintil de mayor consumo. Conclusión: La ingesta de energía obtenida de los azúcares añadidos supera la recomendación máxima establecida por la Organización Mundial de la Salud, por lo tanto, es necesario establecer políticas públicas dirigidas a reducir su consumo y a la modificación de conductas asociadas a la preparación e ingesta de alimentos fuente de azúcares añadidos.


Abstract Aim: High consumption of added sugars has been associated with a greater risk of chronic diseases, appearance of caries and weight gain, which implies a lower quality of life for the population and an increase in costs for the health system. The aim of this study was to evaluate the intake of added sugar and its related factors in urban Costa Rican population. Methods : This was a cross-sectional study conducted in a representative sample of the Costa Rican urban population (798 participants aged between 15 and 65 years). To determine the consumption of added sugars, two 24 hours recalls were conducted, in non-consecutive days. Sociodemographic variables, quantity of food consumed, place and time of consumption were collected. Results: The consumption of added sugars represents 14.7% of total energy intake for the Costa Rican urban population. This consumption is higher among women and younger people. The greater amount of added sugars was consumed in the home and during snacks. Sugar-sweetened beverages were the main source of this added sugar in the Costa Rican diet and soft drinks were the most important source in the highest consumption quintile. Conclusions: The intake of energy obtained from the added sugars exceeds the máximum recommendation established by the World Health Organization, therefore it is necessary to establish public policies aimed at reducing consumption and modifying behaviors associated with the preparation and intake of food source of added sugars.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Diabetes Mellitus/pathology , Sugars/analysis , Dietary Sugars/administration & dosage , Obesity/diagnosis , Costa Rica
9.
Odontol. vital ; (30): 59-64, ene.-jun. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, SaludCR | ID: biblio-1091414

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: Evaluar la estabilidad de color de tres resinas compuestas tipo flow, mediante un colorímetro digital tras contacto durante 30 días con bebidas gaseosas. Materiales y métodos: 21 discos de 8 mm de diámetro y 2 mm de espesor fueron construidos con resina flowAlpha, Brilliant, Wave y Opallis, la evaluación de color se realizó mediante colorímetro digital y el peso con balanza de precisión, posterior al contacto en agua destilada durante 24 horas. Los discos fueron subdivididos en cuatro subgrupos (n=7) y sumergidos por 30 días en 10 ml de Coca-Cola, Fanta o saliva artificial, tras lo cual una nueva evaluación de color y peso fue ejecutada. Los datos analizados mediante las pruebas estadísticas Kruskal Wallis, Wilcoxon, Anova y Tukey. Resultados: La resina AlphaFlow presentó mayor resistencia a la variación del color después de 30 días al contacto con las bebidas gaseosas evaluadas, la Coca-Cola desencadenó mayor modificación de color en los dos materiales, sin diferencia significativa entre peso inicial y el final entre los materiales. Conclusiones: La resina ALPHA FLOW presentó mayor estabilidad al cambio de color, Coca-Cola fue la bebida gaseosa con mayor influencia en el cambio de color; sin modificación en cuanto al peso.


Abstract Objective: Evaluatethe color stability of three flow composite resins, by a digital colorimeter after contactfor 30 days with softdrinks. Materials and methods: 21 discs of 8 mm diameter and 2 mm thickNess were constructed with flowAlpha, Brilliant, Wave and Opallis resin, the color evaluation was performed by digital colorimeter and theweight with precision balance, after contact in distilled waterfor 24 hours. The discs were subdivided into four subgroups (n = 7) and submerged for 30 days in 10 ml of Coca-Cola, Fantaor artificial saliva, aftera new evaluation of color and weight was performed. The data was analyzed by the Kruskal Wallis, Wilcoxon, Anova and Tukey statistical tests. Results: Alpha Flow resin showed greater resistanceto color variation after 30 days in contact with the gaseous beverages evaluated, Coca-Cola showed greater color modification in materials, without significant difference between initial weight and the final weight between the materials. Conclusions: Alpha Flow resin showed greater stability to the color change, Coca-Cola was the gaseous drink with greater influence in the color change; No changes in weight.


Subject(s)
Tooth Discoloration , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Composite Resins/analysis , Coloring Agents
11.
Pesqui. bras. odontopediatria clín. integr ; 18(1): 4136, 15/01/2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-967059

ABSTRACT

Objective: To assess and compare the erosive potential of commercially available beverages and to evaluate the relationship between mineral loss and physiochemical properties (pH and titratable acidity) of different beverages. Material and Methods: Seven commercially available beverages [4 soft drinks, 1 chlorhexidine mouthwash and 2 controls (Amul milk and human saliva)] were tested. The pH and tritratable acidity of the beverages was determined. Fifty-six human premolars were sectioned into enamel and root surface (total 112 specimens) by using diamond-cutting machine. The specimens were immersed in each beverage for 24-hour intervals at 370C. The weight loss of the specimens and mineral loss (calcium, phosphorus and fluoride) was determined at pre and post immersion and was subjected to statistical analysis at p<0.05 level of significance. Results: All beverages included in this were acidic. Nimbooz exhibited significant (p<0.05) weight loss compared to all other beverages. Fanta shows significantly (p<0.05) high loss of phosphorus and calcium for enamel and root surface respectively. There was a week correlation with pH and tritratable acidity and loss of minerals. Conclusion: The erosive potential of Fanta and Nimbooz was significant compared to other beverages. However, it must be considered that there are numerous factors, which may influence the erosion rate in the intra oral environment; hence the result of this in vitro study should be applied with caution.


Subject(s)
Humans , In Vitro Techniques/methods , Surface Properties , Tooth Erosion/diagnosis , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Analysis of Variance , Evaluation Study , Acidity , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , India
12.
Acta toxicol. argent ; 25(3): 67-79, dic. 2017. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-949794

ABSTRACT

La cafeína (1,3,7-trimetilxantina), es uno de los componentes alimentarios más consumidos y estudiados. Aunque un consumo moderado no implica riesgos para la salud, un ingesta excesiva puede conducir a efectos adversos, tales como ansiedad, irritabilidad, palpitaciones e insomnio. Con el propósito de caracterizar el riesgo para la salud en mujeres adultas de 18 a 70 años en Argentina, se abordaron los siguientes objetivos: determinar el contenido de cafeína en cinco bebidas disponibles en el mercado argentino y con estos datos y otros de fuentes bibliográficas estimar la ingesta media diaria de esta sustancia en dicha población para establecer si existen grupos en riesgo, estudiar la relación de dicha ingesta con el lugar de residencia y determinar el aporte de cada bebida y alimento a la ingesta diaria total. La determinación de cafeína se realizó por cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC). A través de un cuestionario distribuido en la web, se obtuvieron datos de consumo de cafeína de 1947 mujeres que cumplieron el criterio de inclusión. Se encontraron contenidos más altos de cafeína en café expreso (1300 mg/L) y mate cebado (950 mg/L). En el total de la muestra el consumo promedio de cafeína fue de 340 mg/día (5,5 mg/kg/día), excediendo, el 31% de las participantes la ingesta recomendada de 400 mg/día. De las mujeres en edad fértil, el 37% excedió la ingesta de 300 mg/día y el 52% la de 200 mg/día, recomendadas durante la gestación y la lactancia. En el percentil 90 estas mujeres consumieron 851 mg/día y 775 mg/día de cafeína, respectivamente. El mate cebado y el café resultaron los mayores contribuyentes a la ingesta diaria de cafeína en este grupo de mujeres y en la muestra total. Se encontraron diferencias regiona­les en el consumo del mate cebado, resultando Misiones y Corrientes las provincias de mayores ingestas. Si bien el 68% de las personas entrevistadas consumieron dosis moderadas de cafeína, más de un cuarto de las mujeres en edad reproductiva excedió las ingestas recomendadas para el embarazo y la lactancia.


Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is one of the most consumed and studied food ingredients. Although moderate consumption does not imply health risks, excess intake may lead to adverse effects, such as anxiety, irritability, palpitations and insomnia. In order to characterize the health risk in adult women aged 18 to 70 in Argentina, the following objectives were ad­dressed: to determine the caffeine content in five beverages available in the Argentine market and with these data and others from bibliographic sources estimate the daily intake of caffeine in this population to establish if there are groups at risk; to study the relation of this intake with the place of residence and to determine the contribution of each beverage and food to the total daily intake. The determination of caffeine was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Through a questionnaire distributed on the web, caffeine consumption data were obtained from 1947 women who met the inclusion criteria. Higher caf­feine contents were found in espresso coffee (1300 mg/L) and mate "cebado" (950 mg/L). In the sample, mean caffeine intake was 340 mg/day (5.5 mg/kg/day), with 31% of the participants exceeding the recommended intake of 400 mg/day. Of the women of childbearing age, 37% exceeded the intake of 300 mg/day and 52% the intake of 200 mg/day recommended during gestation and lactation. In the 90th percentile, these women consumed 851 mg/day and 775 mg/day of caffeine, respectively. Mate "cebado" and coffee were the major contributors to daily caffeine intake in this group of women and in the total sample. Regional differences were found in the consumption of mate "cebado", being Misiones and Corrientes the provinces with the highest intakes. Although 68% of the people interviewed consumed moderate doses of caffeine, more than a quarter of the women of reproductive age exceeded the recommended intakes for pregnancy and lactation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Caffeine/adverse effects , Impacts of Polution on Health/adverse effects , Impacts of Polution on Health/statistics & numerical data , Recommended Dietary Allowances , Argentina/epidemiology , Tea/adverse effects , Caffeine/administration & dosage , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Coffee/adverse effects , Ilex paraguariensis/adverse effects , Energy Drinks/adverse effects , Chocolate/adverse effects
13.
Braz. dent. j ; 28(4): 482-488, July-Aug. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-888662

ABSTRACT

Abstract The present study evaluated the effect of NaF and CPP-ACP/NaF varnishes to reduce erosion produced by soft drink (SD) combined or not with pediatric liquid medicine. Enamel specimens were pre-treated with fluoride varnish, according to the following groups: NaF varnish (Duraphat®) or CPP-ACP/NaF varnish (MI varnishTM). Two types of erosive cycles were made: by soft drink erosion (SDE) or by pediatric liquid medicine plus soft drink erosion (PLM/SDE). Bovine enamel specimens were randomly assigned in six groups (n=10): G1=NaF + SDE; G2=CPP-ACP/NaF + SDE; G3=Distilled and deionized (DD) water + SDE; G4=NaF + PLM/SDE; G5=CPP-ACP/NaF + PLM/SDE and G6=DD water + PLM/SDE. Before treatments, the sample surface was divided in two areas (unexposed area-UA and exposed area-EA). The specimens were evaluated by 3D non-contact profilometry technique to determinate tooth structure loss (TSL) and surface roughness (Sa). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis was also performed. After SDE, G2 presented the lowest TSL values compared to G3 (p=0.008). G1 and G2 did not differ between them (p=0.203) and no groups differed among them despite Sa. Regarding TSL and Sa, G4 and G5 differed from G6 (p=0.0001), but not between them (p=1.00). Examining 3D and SEM images, the greatest differences between UA and EA were observed for G3 and G6. CPP-ACP/NaF varnish seems to be a promising treatment to reduce enamel loss from the erosion produced by a soft drink. Both varnishes also showed capacity to reduce TSL and Sa after erosion by soft drink combined to pediatric liquid medicine.


Resumo O presente estudo avaliou o efeito dos vernizes de NaF e CPP-ACP/NaF na redução da erosão promovida por refrigerante e associada a um medicamento líquido pediátrico. Os espécimes de esmalte foram pré-tratados com verniz fluoretado, de acordo com o grupo de alocação: verniz NaF (Duraphat®) ou verniz CPP-ACP NaF (verniz MITM). Dois tipos distintos de desafio erosivo foram realizados: erosão com refrigerante (ER) ou erosão com medicamento líquido pediátrico e refrigerante (MLP/ER). Espécies de esmalte bovino foram aleatorizados em seis grupos (n=10): G1 = NaF + ER; G2 = CPP-ACP/NaF + ER; G3 = Água destilada e deionizada (DD) + ER; G4 = NaF + MLP/ER; G5 = CPP-ACP/NaF + MLP/ER e G6 = DD água + MLP/ER. Antes dos tratamentos, a superfície das amostras foi dividida em duas áreas (não exposta-NE e área exposta-AE). Os espécimes foram avaliados pela técnica de perfilometria 3D de não-contato para determinar a perda de estrutura dentária (PED) e a rugosidade superficial (RS). A microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) também foi utilizada. Após ER, G2 apresentou os menores valores de PED comparado ao G3 (p=0,008). G1 e G2 não diferiram entre si (p=0,203) e não houve diferença entre os grupos no que diz respeito a RS. Os resultados de PED e RS para a MLP/ER mostraram que G4 e G5 diferiram de G6 (p=0,0001), mas não diferiram entre si (p=1,00). Examinando as imagens 3D da perfilometria e de MEV, as maiores diferenças entre UA e EA foram observadas para G3 e G6. O verniz CPP-ACP/NaF parece ser um tratamento promissor para reduzir a perda de esmalte por erosão produzida por refrigerante e ambos os vernizes mostraram capacidade em reduzir a PED e RS após erosão com medicamento líquido pediátrico associado a refrigerante.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Child , Cattle , Tooth Erosion/etiology , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Fluorides, Topical/pharmacology , Drug Therapy , Tooth Erosion/prevention & control , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Dosage Forms
14.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 37(2): 57-62, jun. 2017. graf., tab.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1053333

ABSTRACT

Introducción: el consumo de alimentos en la sala de espera es un hábito que podría estar relacionado con el incremento en la incidencia de obesidad infantil. Objetivo: analizar el consumo de alimentos y su uso como premio en niños que asisten a un consultorio pediátrico explorando y su relación con el estado nutricional. Población, material y método: se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y transversal en 94 niños entre 1 y 15 años, que asisten a un consultorio pediátrico de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA), República Argentina. Se evaluó el tipo de alimentos/bebidas llevado a la sala de espera, su utilización como premio y la intención de compra luego de la consulta. Se valoró el estado nutricional (IMC/Edad) con Anthro Plus, 2009. El análisis estadístico incluyó t de Student y prueba de Wilcoxon. Resultados: el 46,8% de los padres trajo alimentos a la sala de espera. Alfajores/chocolates (n=10), seguidos de galletitas saladas (n=8) y, entre las bebidas, las gaseosas y jugos (n=6) ocuparon el segundo lugar. El 56,4% de los cuidadores tenía pensado comprar algo de comer al salir de la consulta. Se encontró asociación significativa entre los puntajes z de IMC/Edad y quienes trajeron algún alimento a la sala de espera (p:0,02). El 46,8% de los niños presentó sobrepeso u obesidad. Conclusión: una elevada cantidad de padres utilizó el consumo de alimentos en la consulta, la mayoría de tipo chatarra. Este hábito se asoció significativamente con la presencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en los niños afectados por lo que podría indagarse sistemáticamente en la consulta. (AU)


Introduction: food and drink intake and its use as a reward are common habits in medical waiting rooms in the context of an increase in overweight and obesity prevalence worldwide. Objective: to analyze the habit of food intake, its type and use as a reward and the relation with the nutritional status in children who attend a pediatric outpatient clinic. Population and method: descriptive study, in a sample of 94 children ages 1 to 15 who attended a pediatric outpatient clinic in Buenos Aires, Argentina. We assessed the type of food/ beverage taken to the waiting room and the intention of buying one after the visit. The nutritional status was measured (BMI/AGE) using Anthro Plus software, 2009. Student´s t Test and Wilcoxon test were used for statistical analysis. Results: 46,8% of parents had brought something to eat or drink to the waiting room. Sweets were most frequent, followed by salty snacks and among beverages we found soft drinks and commercial juices. 56,4% of caretakers had the intention of buying something to eat or drink as a reward after the visit. There was a significant correlation between z scores of BMI/AGE and food intake in the waiting room (p= 0,02). 46.8% of the sample was either overweight or obese. Conclusion: many parents use food as a reward, mainly junk food. This habit had a significant correlation with overweight and obesity in affected children and could be assessed systematically in pediatric visits. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control , Socioeconomic Factors , Physicians' Offices/trends , Candy/adverse effects , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Biological Factors , Body Mass Index , Nutritional Status , Overweight/prevention & control , Child Nutrition , Infant Nutrition , Adolescent Nutrition , Pediatric Obesity/psychology , Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology
15.
Diaeta (B. Aires) ; 35(159): 37-44, abr.-mayo 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-868864

ABSTRACT

Introducción: En Argentina un 37,1% de la población padece sobrepeso, un 20,8% obesidad y un 9,8% diabetes. La prevalencia de síndrome metabólico oscila entre el 20 y 25%. Según el estudio HIDRATAR, el consumo promedio de agua, bebidas e infusiones era de 2.050 ml/día, de los cuales un 29% correspondió a bebidas endulzadas artificialmente (BEA). No existe consenso de los organismos internacionales para su consumo. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda bibliográfica en PubMed, Scielo y Cochrane, de artículos publicados a partir del año 2005, con el objetivo de conocer la relación entre el consumo de BEA y el riesgo de desarrollo de síndrome metabólico y diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Resultados: Se encontraron 12 trabajos que señalan los efectos adversos de las BEA. Los mismos representan una mayor población en estudio, seguida durante más tiempo. Es un tema controvertido con mucha disparidad en la obtención de la información, teniendo en cuenta además que, en el caso de estudios con humanos, son muchos los componentes del plan alimentario que hay que considerar. Conclusiones: Ha quedado demostrado que los edulcorantes no nutritivos no son sustancias metabólicamente inertes y hay evidencia que sugiere que las BEA no son completamente inocuas, siendo primordial y necesaria la educación para limitar su consumo y promover la ingesta de agua.


Subject(s)
Humans , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Diabetes Mellitus , Non-Nutritive Sweeteners/adverse effects , Juices , Metabolic Syndrome
16.
Bol. Asoc. Argent. Odontol. Niños ; 44(3): 2-6, ene.-abr. 2016. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-794305

ABSTRACT

El asma es una enfermedad inflamatoria crónica que provoca que las vías respiratorias se estrechen y dificulta la respiración. La medicación para el asma incluye broncodilatadores y fármacos anticolinérgicos. Objetivo: determinar la prevalencia de erosión dental en los niños que reciben salbutamol cmo medicación broncodilatadora y establecer diferencias con aquellos sin afecciones respiratorias. Métodos: la muestra incluyó 100 niños, 50 de ellos medicados usaqndo un inhalador de salbutamol a lo largo de los 9 meses anteriores al estudio (Md 5 años 6m) y 50 sin patología respiratoria. Los padres de los niños completaron un cuestionario del consumo de bebidas. Se llevaron a cabo exámenes dentales y se determinó la pérdida de tejido dental según índice de SyK y CDHS. Procesamiento estadístico: se utilizaron media, mediana, DS, distribución de frecuencias y chi cuadrado. Resultados: se observó erosión dental en el 52 por ciento de los niños medicados y en el 42 por ciento de los no medicados. Los niños con medicación y consumo de bebidas diarias presentaron erosión en un 64,7 por ciento y consumo fines de semana 50 por ciento. Los niños sin medicación y consumo de bebidas diarias presentaron erosión enb un 34,8 por ciento y consumo fines de semana 31,2 por ciento. No se observó asociación entre medicación y erosión dental. No ser observaron diferencias estadísticas entre grupos ni en la frecuencia de consumo de bebidas ácidas. Conclusión: en ambos grupos existe una alta prevalencia de erosión dental, no mostrando asociación entre la medicación y la erosión dental...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Asthma/complications , Asthma/epidemiology , Bronchodilator Agents/adverse effects , Tooth Erosion/epidemiology , Tooth Erosion/etiology , Dental Enamel/injuries , Albuterol/adverse effects , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Chi-Square Distribution , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Carbonated Beverages/statistics & numerical data
17.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-780556

ABSTRACT

La erosión dental corresponde a la pérdida irreversible de los tejidos superficiales del diente debido a la acción química de ácidos, donde no participan las bacterias. Se ha transformado en una afección común a nivel mundial, afectando especialmente a la población infantil por el alto consumo de bebidas ácidas y carbonatadas. Dentro de su etiología se encuentran factores de riesgo tanto intrínsecos, producidos por el propio organismo, como extrínsecos, que no tienen su origen en el mismo, pero se relacionan directamente con él. El objetivo de este artículo es realizar una revisión de la literatura sobre los posibles factores de riesgo asociados a la presencia de erosión dental en niños.


involved. It has become a common condition worldwide, especially in children, affected by the high consumption of acidic and carbonated drinks. Within its etiology there are both intrinsic risk factors, produced by the body itself, and extrinsic, whose origin is not in the body, but are directly related to it. The aim of this article is to review the literature on the potential risk factors associated with the presence of dental erosion in children.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Tooth Erosion/epidemiology , Tooth Erosion/etiology , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Gastroesophageal Reflux/complications , Risk Factors , Tooth Wear/epidemiology , Fruit and Vegetable Juices/adverse effects
18.
Acta toxicol. argent ; 23(1): 5-14, mayo 2015. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-757031

ABSTRACT

. La cafeína (1,3,7 trimetilxantina) es un alcaloide de la familia de las xantinas. Está presente en una gran cantidad de bebidas como café, té, cacao, mate, guaraná, bebidas gaseosas y bebidas energizantes, y alimentos que son consumidos por adultos, adolescentes y niños. A fin de obtener información acerca de la ingesta de cafeína en población infantil y adolescente de Argentina, se plantearon los siguientes objetivos de trabajo: a) estimar la ingesta diaria de cafeína en niños y adolescentes que residen en conglomerados urbanos de Argentina; b) estudiar la asociación de dicha ingesta con distintas variables tales como el género, la edad, el nivel socioeconómico (NSE) y el lugar de residencia; c) estudiar la relación de la ingesta de cafeína con la duración del sueño y d) valorar la contribución de las distintas bebidas a la ingesta diaria de cafeína. Se obtuvieron los datos de consumo de bebidas de 425 participantes de hasta 20 años de edad, residentes de distintas ciudades del país y de diferente NSE. Los resultados mostraron que la ingesta diaria promedio de cafeína (11, 43, 76, 132 y 233 mg/día) aumentó con la franja etaria (menores de 2, de 3 a 5, de 6 a 12, de 13 a 17 y de 18 a 20 años, respectivamente), aunque al relacionarla con el peso corporal (mg/kg/día) el aumento no fue tan marcado. El 50 % de los niños de hasta 2 años evaluados, nunca había consumido bebidas con cafeína. Por el contrario, a partir de 3 años en adelante más del 90 % sí consumieron regularmente por lo menos una bebida con cafeína. Las ingestas promedio calculadas para los niños y adolescentes evaluados resultaron ser superiores a las reportadas por otros autores para otros países. No se encontraron diferencias en la ingesta según el género, el lugar de residencia o el NSE. No se encontró relación entre la ingesta de cafeína y la duración del sueño para ningún grupo etario, a excepción de la franja etaria de 18 a 20 años en la que se observó una disminución significativa en la duración promedio del sueño para el grupo de individuos con ingesta extrema. Las bebidas gaseosas cola se mostraron como principales contribuyentes a la ingesta promedio de cafeína, aunque el mate también se destacó en ese aspecto. Como conclusiones generales de este trabajo se destaca que se logró caracterizar la ingesta de cafeína en niños y adolescentes y establecer la composición de dicha ingesta en cuanto a sus contribuyentes mayoritarios y minoritarios. Por último, si bien se podría clasificar a las ingestas promedio obtenidas en este estudio como elevadas con respecto a las reportadas para otros países, se debe considerar que no se ha definido un valor de ingesta diaria recomendada para niños y adolescentes.


Caffeine (1,3,7 trimethylxanthine) is an naturally occurring alkaloid. It is present in many beverages such as coffee, tea, cocoa, mate, guarana, soft drinks and energy drinks, and foods, widely consumed by adults, adolescents and children. Since information about caffeine intake in children and adolescents in our country is scarce, the aims of the study were set as follows: a) estimate the caffeine daily intake of children and adolescents from Argentina, b) associate the intake to different variables such as gender, age, socioeconomic status (SES) and place of residence; c) study the relationship between caffeine intake and sleep duration, and d) assess the contribution of different beverages to the caffeine daily intake. Information on non alcoholic beverages consumption was obtained from 425 participants up to 20 years old. Participants were from different cities and of different SES all over the country. Results showed that the caffeine mean daily intake increased (11 , 43 , 76 , 132 and 233 mg/day ) with age range (up to 2 , 3 to 5, 6 to 12 , 13 to 17 and 18 20 years old, respectively), but when the intake was related to body weight (mg/ kg/day) the increase was not so marked. Fifty percent of children up to 2 years old had never consumed any caffeinated beverage. However, from ages 3 and up, more than 90% of children regularly consumed at least one caffeinated beverage. The mean daily intakes for the evaluated children and adolescents were higher to those reported by other authors for other countries. When data were analyzed by gender, place of residence or SES, no differences in caffeine intake were observed. No relationship between caffeine intake and sleep duration for any age group was found, except for the age group of 18-20 years, where a significant decrease in average sleep duration for the group of individuals with extreme intake was observed. Soft drinks showed to be main contributors to the mean caffeine daily intake, although mate also highlighted in that aspect. Characterization of the caffeine daily intake and identification of the major and minor contributors to that intake are remarked as achievements of this study. And finally, although caffeine mean daily intake obtained in this study could be considered as elevated when compared with those reported for other countries, it should be noted that a recommended daily intake value for children and adolescents has not already been set.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Young Adult , Caffeine/administration & dosage , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Energy Drinks/adverse effects , Recommended Dietary Allowances/trends , Sleep/drug effects
19.
J. appl. oral sci ; 22(5): 373-381, Sep-Oct/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS, BBO | ID: lil-729842

ABSTRACT

Objective: To evaluate the hardness (KHN), color stability (DE), and superficial micromorphology of two categories of composites after immersion in either distilled water or grape juice for up to 45 days. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cylindrical specimens (6 mm diameter x 2 mm thick) were obtained according to the factors: composite [Opallis (FGM) and Filtek Z350XT (3M ESPE)]; immersion solution (distilled water and grape juice); and evaluation time: 24 h and 7, 14, 21, 28, and 45 days. After photoactivation, the specimens were stored at 37ºC for 24 h. KHN (50 g/15 s) and ΔE were then repeatedly assessed according to the immersion solutions. Data were analyzed (three-way ANOVA/Tukey's test). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) topographic analysis was also performed. RESULTS: In general, KHN of both composites reduced after 24 h, irrespective of the immersion solution and time. A significantly lower KHN was noted for Opallis compared with Filtek Z350XT in all parameters. An increase in ΔE over time was noted for both composites, irrespective of the immersion solution. Significantly higher ΔE was noted for Filtek Z350XT immersed in grape juice compared with Opallis, regardless of the evaluation time. The grape juice caused significantly higher DE compared with water in all periods. SEM analysis showed eroded areas for Filtek Z350XT but not for Opallis. CONCLUSIONS: The compositions and immersion solutions influence the composite hardness and the color stability. In spite of the higher hardness, the nanofilled composite is more susceptible to color change than the microhybrid when immersed in an acidic dyed solution. .


Subject(s)
Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Composite Resins/chemistry , Analysis of Variance , Color , Hardness Tests , Immersion , Materials Testing , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Reproducibility of Results , Statistics, Nonparametric , Surface Properties/drug effects , Time Factors , Vitis , Water/chemistry
20.
Bol. Asoc. Argent. Odontol. Niños ; 43(1): 2-6, abr.-ago. 2014. tab, graf, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-761836

ABSTRACT

La pérdida de tejido dentario por erosión es una lesión que se ha incrementado en los últimos años. Los datos mundiales de prevalencia muestran valores de hasta el 35 por ciento, según los indicadores utilizados y población estudiada. Objetivo: estimar la prevalencia de erosión dental en escolares de la CABA y establecer asociación con factores relacionados con estilo de vida. Materiales y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, en 189 niños que concurren a escuelas de la CABA, edad (x=8,48 +- 2,3 años) previo consentimiento informado. Los criterios de exclusión fueron: alumnos portadores de ortodoncia, con riesgo médico incrementado o con defectos estructurales del esmalte. Los padres de la población seleccionada respondieron un cuestionario con encuestador que incluía información acerca del estilo de vida. Se diagnosticó erosión mediante el registro de los índices de Smith y Knight (SyK) y de la Encuesta Nacional de Salud Oral del Reino Unido (CDHS). Se realizó el análisis estadístico mediante medidas de tendencia central y dispersión chi-cuadrado, coeficiente de correlación de Spearman y Odds Ratio. Resultados: según el índice de CDHS, 65,6 por ciento de los niños presentó pérdida erosiva y 91,5 por ciento acorde a SyK. Se encontraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre el consumo de gaseosas regulares e índice de SyK (x2 de 4,3 p=0,036). El OR para el consumo de gaseosa e índice de SyK fue de 2,9 (IC=1,03 - 8,49). No se encontró asociación entre erosión y el resto de las bebidas analizadas. Conclusiones: la estimación de la prevalencia fue elevada con los indicadores empleados y se encontró asociación positiva entre erosión (SyK) y el consumo de gaseosas...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Tooth Erosion/etiology , Tooth Erosion/pathology , Tooth Loss/diagnosis , Tooth Loss/epidemiology , Tooth Loss/etiology , Argentina , Carbonated Beverages/adverse effects , Chi-Square Distribution , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Dental Enamel/injuries , Health Surveys , School Dentistry , Data Interpretation, Statistical
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